UNIT 8
Clerk of the court: A person who assists the judge with writing or administration.
Jury box: Where the jury sits during a trial.
Bailiff: Is an officer in court who keeps order and enforces good behavior.
Defense: The person accused of wrongdoing and his or her attorney.
Prosecution: Is the person and his or her attorney or just the attorney taking legal action against someone.
Presides: Means to be in charge of a formal meeting or ceremony.
Proceedings: Series of events that happen in a formal, controlled way.
Court reporter: The person who writes everything that is said in court.
Jurors: A member of the jury.
UNIT 9
Arraignment: When a person if formally charged with an offence and has the opportunity to plead guilty or not guilty.
Charged: To accuse someone formally of a crime.
Plea bargain: During it, a suspect is given the chance to stand trial for a lesser offence if he pleads guilty.
Sentenced: To formally decide what punishment they will have for their crime.
Acquitted: To decide officially that someone is not guilty of a crime.
Discovery: When a lawyer asks for and examines information about a case from the lawyer on the opposing side.
Pre-trial hearing: Is a meeting between the lawyers, the defendant, tha plaintiff and the judge before the trial, in which they attempt to come to an agreement.
Supress: To supress evidence mans to prevent other people from seeing or using it.
Hung jury: A jury that cannot agree on whether someone is guilty or innocent.
Mistrial: A trial in which no decision is made or in which the trial is declared invalid due to legal errors.
UNIT 10
Protocol: Is one of a system of rules about how to behave for formal occasions.
All rise: The clerk says "all rise" when the judge enters a courtroom. Everyone stands up.
Sworn in: If you're sworn in, you have promised to tell the truth in court.
Under oath: Someone is underoath when they have promised to tell the truth in court.
Perjury: The crime of lying while giving evidence in court.
Interrupt: Means to speak when the other person has not finished speaking.
Address: To talk to someone using a formal word or phrase.
Your Honor: The correct way to address the judge.
Approach the bench: To go near the bench.
The well: The space in front of the judge in a courtroom.
Off the record: If someone speaks off the record, they do not want it to be reported in public.
UNIT 11
Clerk of the court: A person who assists the judge with writing or administration.
Jury box: Where the jury sits during a trial.
Bailiff: Is an officer in court who keeps order and enforces good behavior.
Defense: The person accused of wrongdoing and his or her attorney.
Prosecution: Is the person and his or her attorney or just the attorney taking legal action against someone.
Presides: Means to be in charge of a formal meeting or ceremony.
Proceedings: Series of events that happen in a formal, controlled way.
Court reporter: The person who writes everything that is said in court.
Jurors: A member of the jury.
UNIT 9
Arraignment: When a person if formally charged with an offence and has the opportunity to plead guilty or not guilty.
Charged: To accuse someone formally of a crime.
Plea bargain: During it, a suspect is given the chance to stand trial for a lesser offence if he pleads guilty.
Sentenced: To formally decide what punishment they will have for their crime.
Acquitted: To decide officially that someone is not guilty of a crime.
Discovery: When a lawyer asks for and examines information about a case from the lawyer on the opposing side.
Pre-trial hearing: Is a meeting between the lawyers, the defendant, tha plaintiff and the judge before the trial, in which they attempt to come to an agreement.
Supress: To supress evidence mans to prevent other people from seeing or using it.
Hung jury: A jury that cannot agree on whether someone is guilty or innocent.
Mistrial: A trial in which no decision is made or in which the trial is declared invalid due to legal errors.
UNIT 10
Protocol: Is one of a system of rules about how to behave for formal occasions.
All rise: The clerk says "all rise" when the judge enters a courtroom. Everyone stands up.
Sworn in: If you're sworn in, you have promised to tell the truth in court.
Under oath: Someone is underoath when they have promised to tell the truth in court.
Perjury: The crime of lying while giving evidence in court.
Interrupt: Means to speak when the other person has not finished speaking.
Address: To talk to someone using a formal word or phrase.
Your Honor: The correct way to address the judge.
Approach the bench: To go near the bench.
The well: The space in front of the judge in a courtroom.
Off the record: If someone speaks off the record, they do not want it to be reported in public.
UNIT 11
Punish: To punish someone means to make them suffer for wrongdoing.
Commit crimes: To commit a crime means to disobey or break the law.
Trespassing: To go onto private land without permission from the owner.
Fine: Is a punishment in which someone must pay money.
Probation: Is a period of time in which a criminal must behave well, otherwise he will go to jail.
Offend: Means to break the law.
Jail: Large secure building where criminals may go if they commit a crime.
Assault: Attacking another person.
Battery: Means hurting another person.
Capital punishment: Means punishing a person with death.
Murder: Is the crime of killing another person.
UNIT 12
Civil law: Is a law which deals with disputes between individuals and/or organizations.
Tort law: Is a law which is involved in getting compensation for a civil wrongdoing that caused loss or injury.
Monetary damages: If it's monetary is in the form of money,
Injunctions: Is an official court order that stops a person or company from doing something or forces them to do it.
Liability: Legal responsability.
Negligence: Is failure to do the things that you have a duty to do.
Compensation: Is an award to make up for a wrongdoing that affected you in the past.
Punitive damages: Are fees that must be paid in punishment for a wrongdoing.
Probate: Is the act of dealing with a dead person's property and will.
Divorce: A judicial declaration dissolving a marriage in whole or in part.
UNIT 13
Regulations: An official rule.
Licenses: Is a paper which gives permission for you to do or own something.
Accreditations: Is an official authority to take a certain action.
Bureaucracy: Is an administrative system ran by many offices, administrators and petty officials. It normally involves large amounts of official paperwork.
Resolve: Find a solution to a problem.
Administrative law: Branch of law governing the creation and operation of administrative agencies.
Disciplinary actions: Steps taken to punish a person or business that has not correctly followed the rules.
Negociate: To manage to come to an agreement over a difficult situation.
Government agencies: Administrative department which is run by the government.
Jeopardize: If something jeopardizes something else, it has a seriously negative effect on it.
UNIT 14
Wrongful termination: If something is wrongful, it is illegal or incorrect. Termination is the loss of employment against one's will.
Assertion: Statement of one's beliefs.
Valid: Something based on the truth and can be accepted.
Eliciting factual: If you elicit information, you get the information by talking to and questioning people. If something is factual, it is based on facts, not beliefs.
Beliefs: Something that you think is, but may not really be true.
Obtained: To get something.
Documentation: Is paper that proves something is true or that something happened.
Recommend: To recommend something is to state that it should be done.
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